Understanding Pool Filtration Systems And Their Advantages

By Tammie Caldwell


Responsible for keeping the entire volume of water in a swimming pool clear and safe to swim in, a filter is one of the most important machines in the operation of a pool. It eliminates dirt and debris which make the water cloudy and can encourage algae and bacteria growth. Both inground and above-ground pools can be equipped with one of several styles of pool filtration systems, each with its own benefits to the user.

The water in a swimming pool typically cycles through the filter several times every day. Although the techniques vary from one filter design to the next, they all basically operate by pumping the water through a barrier which traps particles of dirt and such, removing it from the swimming pool. They differ in terms of price, care and maintenance, and in the benefits they provide.

Collectively referred to as the "filtration system", the pump and filter work together in tandem to ensure a clean pool. Water is forced into the filter by the action of the pump, then it is cleansed, and released back into circulation. Quality filter systems can provide years of use, and if they operate efficiently, it can help cut down maintenance time and expenses. Three main types of filters are available for both above-ground and inground pools; diatomaceous earth (DE), sand, and cartridge filters.

Sand filters are the most common type. Water is filtered through a sand bed inside the filter which traps debris with a size of 20 microns. They are easily cleaned by simply running water through them in the opposite direction, and the sand can be used for several years before it will need to be replaced. Affordable and easy to operate, they are a popular choice with many who own pools.

Another affordable, low-maintenance alternative is the cartridge filter. The filtering element in this design consists of a removable cartridge which can remove particles as small as 10 to 15 microns. Economical, they have the added advantage of being easy to maintain by using a garden hose or a filter cartridge cleaner to clean them out. In general a new cartridge is needed for each swimming season.

DE or diatomaceous earth filter systems offer the ultimate in speed and efficiency. They can eliminate the very smallest particles of debris which are only 3 to 5 microns in size, and work quickly to produce crystal clear water. The substrate contained within them, known as diatomaceous earth, is a porous, natural rock sediment which has been ground into powder. While typically more expensive, this approach does offer superior results.

Independent of the type of filter one selects, it is best to ensure that it has a larger capacity than the recommended minimum. This will mean less frequent cleanings are needed. A design with minimal pumping action is also desirable, since this means money saved on the monthly power bill.

Ultimately, it is a matter of personal preference. Users who greatly value having ultra-clear water, will be best served with a DE filter, while those who are more concerned with ease of use, will likely prefer a cartridge or sand filter for its relatively simple maintenance.




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